(12-20-2022, 02:35 PM)qwerty49 Wrote: Case in point would be "dumb." I venture that at least 95% of the time it's used to mean "stupid, silly" and not "unable to speak." As in Red Forman on That 70's Show calling his son a dumb-ass.
"Dumb" is a case in point of a lot of the issues with language use for a language that is many centuries old.
In the chart linked, the column named "Context" is not actually context for the word, but the mostly the explanation of why the word may be offensive. However, the overall list does imply that context matters. Words that are perfectly fine or even preferred in one context are to be avoided in others [Note that "Black" is preferred to "African-American" but "black" to imply something bad or evil is on the eliminate list.]
Where context seems to enter in the table is in the preferred alternatives. At least there one can tell which meaning of a word is of concern.
So, preferred for "dumb" is "non-vocal". Presumably that might mean one could use "dumb" to mean lacking in intelligence or common sense.
Except that isn't really true. Using "dumb" as "lacking in intelligence" is what implies an insult to people who are non-vocal in the first place. That would be the worst use of the word.
I suspect that the authors would like both uses of the word to be eliminated, but they don't state that.
That leads to another issue on usage, what to do with all the derivatives of "dumb" that relate to silent - dumbbells, dumbwaiters, ... ?
Many words here have derivatives that may or may not retain the pejorative sense of the root.
A sometimes synonymous word raises the issue of what to do if the etymology people are worried about is just wrong.
I'm not an etymologist but I don't believe that "stupid" was ever (correctly) used "to describe a person who could not speak" (as stated in the list). I think it is a direct descendant from the Latin word that meant confounded/foolish. But some people made the connection because of its synonymous meaning with dumb, and of course are bothered by the fact that it is in general an insult to describe a person as stupid.
Also similar in colloquial usage is "retarded". While clearly a slur against those with a cognitive disability, it also has a meaning that implies delayed in time or with a tendency to reduce. This list implies that "retarded" is fine in that context ... I think. This one is an issue that has come up in my own classes. One uses "retarded potentials" to calculate radiation from a charged object some distance away (i.e. the potential at the time the radiation I see now was emitted). Students have complained about the phrase. It seems to me that in this context, it's fine - but one might be careful about the jokes that emerge as one gets frustrated by the mathematical complexity involved.
So while I think the complexity of language means that trying to eliminate long-standing words is a fruitless task, that doesn't mean it's not worthwhile to think about words and what some might mean to various people. It's pretty easy to miss that some words have a purely pejorative origin.
[The word that resonates with me in this sense is "gypped". I only recently learned where that word came from - don't know why it wasn't obvious earlier.]
By the way, does anyone know details as to why the phrase "Phillipine Islands" denotes colonialism while "Phillipines" does not?
I would assume it's some issue of historical usage.